Academic Cooperation

(1) Consistent goals: Cooperation must always have some common goal, at least short-term common goals, otherwise it will not be able to cooperate.

(2) Unified understanding and regulation: Collaborators should have a basically consistent understanding of common goals, ways of implementation, and specific steps; in joint operations, partners must abide by commonly recognized social norms and group norms.

(3) A cooperative atmosphere of mutual trust.

(4) Having a certain material basis for the existence and development of cooperation.